In the past, researchers have had to rely on brain tissue
from deceased donors to study conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar
disorder.
Using living cells from the skin or hair of people who have
faulty genes will allow researchers to create more accurate tests.
It also means they can reduce the reliance on animal
testing.
The Edinburgh University project has received a £1m funding
boost from the National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of
Animals in Research.
It aims to develop cell-based systems derived from the skin
or hair of affected patients.
Effective treatments
These will allow researchers to create tests which are more
relevant to understanding the disease, and whether treatments will work, than
using animal models.
Andrew McIntosh, a professor of biological psychiatry at the
university, said: "We are making different types of brain cells out of
skin samples from people with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.
"Once we have grown these in the laboratory we can then
study the cells' neurological function and see how they respond to standard
psychiatric treatments. Following this we hope to be able to screen new
medicines."
Between 1% and 4% of the world's population is diagnosed
with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia for which there are few highly effective
treatments.
Little is known about the causes of these conditions, but a
genetic component is involved as it can run in families.
Well over a million people in the UK are affected by these
conditions.
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